中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (4): 600-605.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0097

• 组织构建临床实践 clinical practice in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

大学生器官捐献意愿的文化心理特征

阎  茹1,2,3,邱鸿钟2,黄  海3   

  1. 1广东外语外贸大学心理健康教育与咨询中心,广东省广州市  510006;2广州中医药大学经管学院,广东省广州市  510006;3广州军区广州总医院,广东省广州市  510010
  • 收稿日期:2017-11-30 出版日期:2018-02-08 发布日期:2018-02-08
  • 作者简介:阎茹,女,1979年生,天津市人,2016年广州中医药大学毕业,博士,讲师,主要从事大学生心理健康教育,思想政治教育,临床心理学的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    广东省高校优秀青年创新人才培养计划项目(2012WYM_0059)

Willingness of organ donation in college students: cultural and mental characteristics

Yan Ru1, 2, 3, Qiu Hong-zhong2, Huang Hai3   

  1. 1Mental Health Education and Consultant Center of Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China; 2College of Economic and Management, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China; 3General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLA, Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2017-11-30 Online:2018-02-08 Published:2018-02-08
  • About author:Yan Ru, M.D., Lecturer, Mental Health Education and Consultant Center of Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China; College of Economic and Management, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China; General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLA, Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Distinguished Young Talents Training Program of Guangdong Province, No. 2012WYM_0059

摘要:

文章快速阅读:
文题释义:
器官移植:在20世纪以前一直是人类的梦想,在20世纪初期,医学界对治疗那些身体某个器官功能严重衰竭的人依旧束手无策。由于受种种客观条件的限制,器官移植在当时只是停留在动物实验阶段。20世纪50年代,世界各地的医生开始进行人体试验,但由于不能很好地控制移植后的排斥反应,器官移植的效果不尽自意。这种情况一直延续到诺华公司发明了免疫抑制药物-环孢素(新山地明)。环孢素的发明使移植后器官存活率显著提高,器官移植事业得到了飞速的发展,成为20世纪尖端医学的重大成就之一。
现象学研究:是一种通过“直接的认识”描述现象的研究方法。其方法论是通过回到原始的意识现象,描述和分析观念(包括本质的观念、范畴)的构成过程,以此获得有关观念的规定性(意义)的实在性的明证。

 

摘要
背景:
调查显示中国公民对器官捐献的认可程度较高而器官捐献的实际数量较低,除政策、制度等现实制约外,器官捐献仍存在着诸多未被发现的隐性影响因素,其中器官捐献涉及的文化心理因素是研究的薄弱环节,需要加以重视。
目的:通过对大学生群体进行器官捐献模拟情境的现象学研究,分析中国文化背景下影响器官捐献意愿的文化心理因素,探讨促进器官捐献工作的操作路径。
方法:抽取广州某高校应用心理学专业三年级学生50人,其中男女生分别为19人、31人;并与其中8名同学(男生2名,女生6名)进行了深入访谈。采用质性研究方法,运用现象学研究途径,通过有关器官捐献两难情境故事的引入,由研究者对受访对象进行调查和访谈,经过陈述和分析,探索影响大学生器官捐献意愿的文化心理因素。
结果与结论:①捐献情境会影响捐献意愿,其中不同的认知、情绪和情感连接是影响捐献意愿的心理因素,死亡、丧失、避讳、意义和尊重是影响捐献意义的文化因素;②促成器官捐献意愿的文化心理因素包括:物尽其用、顺其自然、有益他人促进自我实现,赋予意义以实现个人希望;③阻碍捐献意愿文化心理因素包括畏惧死亡、文化避讳以及由双重丧失所触发的二次伤害;④捐献工作开展应重视死亡教育、注重文化引导、加强社会支持,实际工作时需尊重重要亲人的意见,尽快完善相关制度。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-6859-4779(阎茹)

关键词: 器官捐献, 文化心理, 现象学, 大学生

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Chinese citizens have a high approbation to organ donation, but few take action. Besides the restriction of policies and regulations, there are still many hidden factors, among which the cultural elements should never be neglected.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the cultural and psychological factor affecting the willingness of donors under Chinese cultural background through the phenomenological study on the organ donation simulation in college students, and to explore the strategies for promoting organ donation.
METHODS: Totally 50 junior students majored in applied psychology were selected from one university in Guangdong Province, including 19 males and 31 females, and an in-depth interview was performed in 8 students (2 males and 6 females). The participants were interviewed using qualitative research methods and phenomenological approaches after simulating the dilemma of organ donation, to explore the cultural and psychological factors that affect the willingness of college students to donate their organs.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The donation situation will affect the willingness to donate, among which, cognition, sentiment and emotional connections are the psychological factors, and death, loss, taboo, meaning and respect are the cultural factors. Cultural psychological factors contributing to the willingness of organ donation included maximum the organ value, positive mentality, pleasure to help others and life extension. The cultural and psychological factors that bad for the willingness to donate include fear of death, traditional thinking, and uncertainty. To encourage donation, it is necessary to conduct death education, cultural guidance, and strengthen social support, as well as respect the opinions of important families and improve the relevant regulations as quickly as possible.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

Key words: Directed Tissue Donation, Psychology, Culture, Tissue Engineering

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